{"id":15406,"date":"2025-11-05T05:54:09","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T05:54:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ppmindonesia.com\/?p=15406"},"modified":"2025-11-05T05:55:35","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T05:55:35","slug":"dari-gunung-turun-ke-botol-menakar-ulang-keadilan-ekonomi-air","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ppmindonesia.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/05\/dari-gunung-turun-ke-botol-menakar-ulang-keadilan-ekonomi-air\/","title":{"rendered":"Dari Gunung Turun ke Botol: Menakar Ulang Keadilan Ekonomi Air"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Air bukan hanya sumber kehidupan, tapi kini menjadi sumber keuntungan. Di balik sebotol air mineral, tersimpan kisah panjang tentang ketimpangan ekonomi dan luka ekologi.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

ppmindonesia.com.Jakarta<\/strong> – Di lereng Gunung Gede, suara truk tangki terdengar saban pagi. Mereka datang menjemput air dari sumur-sumur artesis yang menembus lapisan akuifer pegunungan. Air murni itu kemudian mengalir ke pabrik pengemasan yang berjarak puluhan kilometer dari sumbernya\u2014sebelum akhirnya dijual dalam bentuk air minum dalam kemasan<\/a> (AMDK) di kota-kota besar.<\/p>\n

Namun bagi warga di bawah kaki gunung, kisahnya berbeda. Mereka justru harus membeli air untuk minum dan memasak. Sumur dangkal yang dulu melimpah kini mulai mengering. Ironi ini menandai pergeseran besar dalam tata kelola sumber daya air di Indonesia.<\/p>\n

\u201cKami dulu hidup dari air gunung ini. Sekarang airnya dijual di toko, bukan di dapur kami,\u201d kata Yati (52), warga Desa Cipanas, Sukabumi.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ketika Air Menjadi Komoditas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dalam sistem ekonomi modern, air\u2014yang mestinya menjadi hak publik\u2014berubah menjadi komoditas dengan nilai tambah tinggi. Perusahaan AMDK membeli air dengan biaya sangat rendah dari izin pengambilan air tanah (SIPA), tetapi menjualnya dengan harga ratusan kali lipat di pasar.<\/p>\n

Data Kementerian ESDM menunjukkan bahwa tarif izin pengambilan air tanah untuk industri hanya sekitar Rp120\u2013Rp200 per meter kubik. Padahal, 1 meter kubik sama dengan 1.000 liter\u2014setara dengan 2.000 botol air ukuran 500 ml yang dijual Rp3.000\u2013Rp5.000 per botol. Margin keuntungan ini menggambarkan ketimpangan ekonomi air yang mencolok.<\/p>\n

\u201cKita sedang menyaksikan paradoks: air yang melimpah di hulu menjadi kemewahan di hilir,\u201d ujar aktifis sekaligus Wakil Sekretaris Jenderal PPM Nasional, Alif Purnomo.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Luka Alam di Balik Bisnis Basah<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kegiatan eksploitasi air pegunungan tak hanya berdampak sosial, tetapi juga ekologis. Pengeboran akuifer dalam menyebabkan penurunan muka air tanah (groundwater depletion<\/em>) dan merusak ekosistem sekitar. Aliran mata air alami berkurang, vegetasi di sekitar sumber mengering, dan debit sungai menurun pada musim kemarau.<\/p>\n

Menurut laporan World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)<\/em>, penurunan cadangan air tanah di Indonesia mencapai rata-rata 2\u20133 meter per tahun di daerah yang menjadi lokasi industri AMDK besar.<\/p>\n

Program reboisasi yang dilakukan perusahaan belum cukup untuk menambal kerusakan tersebut. Reboisasi memperbaiki permukaan, tetapi tidak memulihkan akuifer yang butuh ratusan tahun untuk terbentuk.<\/p>\n

Keadilan Ekonomi Air: Siapa Mendapat Apa?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Keadilan ekonomi air bukan sekadar soal siapa yang mengambil dan menjual air, tetapi juga siapa yang menanggung dampaknya. Warga di sekitar sumber air sering kali tidak mendapatkan manfaat ekonomi yang sepadan dengan sumber daya yang diambil dari tanah mereka.<\/p>\n

Sebagian perusahaan memang memiliki program tanggung jawab sosial (CSR), seperti pembangunan fasilitas air bersih atau jalan desa. Namun manfaatnya bersifat sementara dan tidak sebanding dengan nilai ekonomi air yang diambil.<\/p>\n

\u201cKami dapat air bersih, tapi cuma setahun pertama. Sekarang kami tetap beli galon,\u201d ujar Jajang (40), warga Kampung Cisarua.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Menata Ulang Tata Kelola Air Nasional<\/strong><\/p>\n

Para ahli menilai, pemerintah perlu meninjau ulang sistem izin pengambilan air pegunungan dengan pendekatan eco-justice<\/em>\u2014keadilan ekologis yang menempatkan alam dan masyarakat sebagai pihak utama.<\/p>\n

Konsep \u201cair sebagai barang publik\u201d perlu dikembalikan pada ruhnya: bukan sekadar sumber keuntungan industri, tetapi sebagai bagian dari hak hidup bersama.<\/p>\n

\u201cAir harus dilihat sebagai hak dasar, bukan komoditas pasar,\u201d tegas Alif Purnomo.
\n\u201cKeadilan ekonomi air baru terwujud jika masyarakat di sekitar sumber air menjadi bagian dari pengelolaan dan penerima manfaat langsung.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dari Gunung untuk Kehidupan, Bukan Sekadar Produk<\/strong><\/p>\n

Air adalah bagian dari siklus kehidupan yang suci. Dari gunung mengalir ke sungai, dari sungai memberi hidup pada manusia dan bumi. Namun jika air hanya mengalir ke pabrik dan botol, maka kita sedang mengeringkan bukan hanya akuifer, tetapi juga nurani sosial dan moral lingkungan kita. (acank)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Air bukan hanya sumber kehidupan, tapi kini menjadi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15407,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"kia_subtitle":"Penulis; acank| Editor; asyary","footnotes":""},"categories":[208,36],"tags":[2372,2374,2369,2389],"newstopic":[],"class_list":["post-15406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-berita","category-nasional","tag-air-mineral","tag-air-minum-dalam-kemasan","tag-air-penguningan","tag-kerusakan-ekologi-pengunungan"],"yoast_head":"\nDari Gunung Turun ke Botol: Menakar Ulang Keadilan Ekonomi Air - ppmindonesia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ppmindonesia.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/05\/dari-gunung-turun-ke-botol-menakar-ulang-keadilan-ekonomi-air\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dari Gunung Turun ke Botol: Menakar Ulang Keadilan Ekonomi Air - 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